258 Geophysics in Geothermal Exploration In 2017, Mayotte’s electricity mix comprised 5% photovoltaic production distributed across more than 70 installations on the island, with the remaining 95% generated through diesel thermal power plants operated by Électricité de Mayotte. To diversify its electricity supply, the Departmental Collectivity of Mayotte implemented a comprehensive program aimed at leveraging renewable energy sources. As part of this initiative, the potential for geothermal energy production on the island was evaluated. Figure 9.1 Location of Mayotte Island. The French Geological Survey (BRGM), on behalf of and co-financed by the Departmental Collectivity of Mayotte, conducted a two-phase study titled “Assessment of Mayotte’s Geothermal Potential”. The first phase, conducted between 2005 and 2006, aimed to identify areas on the island with potential geothermal resources for electricity production. Results and main conclusions are detailed in the report by Traineau et al. (2006). Petite-Terre was identified as a promising area despite the absence of direct evidence of geothermal resources. This selection was based on the island’s recent volcanism (<0.5 Ma), its unusual configuration for geothermal exploration, and the discovery of a significant magmatic CO₂ degassing zone east of the airport (Traineau et al., 2006).
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