63 QUAL I TÉ GÉOPHYSIQUEAPPLIQUÉE 3 Seismic tomography 5 M. Mendes According to Wikipedia, “tomography is imaging by sections or sectioning, through the use of any kind of penetrating wave”. The apparatus applied in tomography is called a tomograph, while the image revealing the internal structure of an unknown property of the object under study is a tomogram. Tomography was originally developed in medical research to produce images of tissue density (Hounsfield, 1973). In this type of tomography, the object (the patient) is moved through a large donut-shaped machine, where an X-ray beam and a set of electronic X-ray detectors are located opposite each other. The source and detectors are rotated around the target region, collecting the amount of radiation being absorbed throughout the patient’s body at many different angles (Goldman, 2007) (Figure 3.1). This chapter of Seismic Imaging: a practical approach is published under Open Source Creative Commons License CC-BY-NC-ND allowing non-commercial use, distribution, reproduction of the text, via any medium, provided the source is cited. © EDP Sciences, 2019 DOI: 10.1051/978-2-7598-2351-2.c005
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