7 Contents 3.5 Acoustic imaging 91 3.5.1 Refraction acoustic imaging 91 3.5.2 Reflection acoustic imaging 95 3.6 Characterization of a formation using Stoneley waves 97 3.7 Conclusion 100 References 101 Chapter 4 • Tying surface seismic data 103 4.1 Introduction 103 4.2 3D VHR seismic survey and VSP 104 4.3 Acoustic logging 108 4.4 Acoustic logs 109 4.5 Time conversion of acoustic logs and calculation of the synthetic seismogram 111 4.6 Integrated sonic time and VSP vertical time 113 4.7 Conclusion 116 References 116 Chapter 5 • Contribution of seismic and acoustic methods to the characterization of karstic formations 117 5.1 Introduction 117 5.2 Geological context 118 5.3 3D seismic acquisition and processing 120 5.4 Well seismic measurements 124 5.5 Monopole full waveform acoustic logging 127 5.6 Conclusion 131 5.7 Acknowledgements 132 References 132 Conclusion 135
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