91 5. Geophysical methods Combined analyses of geophysical and hydrogeological data can be conducted locally at wells or at a larger scale using 3D seismic data. These studies are done for the purpose of detecting water-producing levels at wells and establishing a probable network of karst conduits. An integrated approach based on tracer tests and geophysical data has been developed for identifying effective three-dimensional (3D) discrete karst conduit networks (3D velocity block, Fig. 5) (Bodin, Porel et al., 2022). a b c d Figure 3 Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) and acoustic logging at well C1. Modified after Mari et al. 2009, Delay et al., 2022. (a) VSP section. (b) Time vs depth law and Rms-velocity log. (c) Acoustic section; vertical axis: depth in m, horizontal axis: time in ms. (d) acoustic velocity logs.
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